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Rescuers have not yet been able to cope with the fires, 2023 could be the worst year in Canadian history in terms of the size of the burnt area. Watch the video of what the largest forest fire looks like, filmed from a drone.
At the moment, more than 400 forest fires are raging in various parts of Canada. According to Prime Minister Trudeau, 239 fires are out of control. More than 20,000 people have been evacuated from dangerous areas.
Drone footage from British Columbia, where the strongest fire is observed, was shown by the Ruptly agency. The footage shows how thick smoke rises into the air, while the forest is shrouded in orange smog, and the flames spread to new territories.
According to media reports, citing Canadian Emergency Minister Bill Blair, about 3.8 million hectares of forest burned in Canada in May alone, which is 15 times more than the 10-year average.
Wildfires are typical of this time of year in Canada, but have reached incredible proportions this year due to warmer temperatures and drier weather. If the fires continue to spread as quickly, this year is forecast to be Canada’s worst in terms of the size of the burned area.
Meanwhile, smoke from Canadian wildfires has reached the United States this week, with heavy smog recorded in 18 states. Over many cities in Canada and the United States, including Toronto, Ottawa, New York and Washington, the sky turned a dull orange.
City officials have called air pollution a health hazard and advised residents to wear masks and avoid going outside.
What is dangerous yellow smog in the air from a fire
When a fire occurs, especially in certain situations, it can release various pollutants into the air, including yellow smog. The specific composition of the smog and its level of danger depend on several factors such as the materials burning, the temperature of the fire, and atmospheric conditions.
Yellow smog typically indicates the presence of certain hazardous gases and particulate matter in the air. Here are some possible components that contribute to the yellow color and can pose health risks:
- Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2): This gas is released when organic matter burns in the presence of nitrogen, such as in wildfires or building fires. Exposure to NO2 can irritate the respiratory system, leading to coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. Prolonged exposure may contribute to the development of respiratory conditions.
- Sulfur Dioxide (SO2): Fires involving materials containing sulfur, such as certain fuels or industrial chemicals, can release sulfur dioxide. Inhalation of SO2 can cause respiratory issues, including coughing, shortness of breath, and throat irritation. People with pre-existing respiratory conditions are particularly vulnerable.
- Particulate Matter (PM): Smoke from fires contains tiny particles of soot, ash, and other substances. These particles can vary in size, and those smaller than 2.5 micrometers (referred to as PM2.5) are of special concern as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream. Inhalation of PM2.5 can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular problems and may exacerbate existing health conditions.
- Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Fires involving certain materials, such as plastics, can release VOCs into the air. These compounds include various toxic chemicals that can cause irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. Prolonged exposure to high levels of VOCs may have more severe health effects.
It is important to note that the exact composition and danger level of the yellow smog will vary depending on the specific fire. If you encounter such smog in the air, it is recommended to stay indoors, close windows and doors, and follow local authorities’ guidance regarding evacuation or protective measures.
How to protect yourself if yellow smog in the air from a fire
If you find yourself in an area affected by yellow smog resulting from a fire, it’s crucial to take appropriate measures to protect yourself. Here are some steps you can take to safeguard your health:
- Stay indoors: Close all windows, doors, and any other openings that could allow smog to enter your home or building. If possible, use weather stripping or tape to seal any gaps. Stay inside until the air quality improves and it is safe to venture outside.
- Create a clean indoor environment: Keep the indoor air as clean as possible by turning off systems that circulate outdoor air, such as air conditioners or ventilation fans. If you have an air purifier with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter, use it to help remove particles from the indoor air.
- Minimize physical activity: Reduce your level of exertion and physical activity, as it can lead to increased inhalation of pollutants. This is especially important for individuals with respiratory conditions, the elderly, and children.
- Use a respirator mask: If you need to go outside or if the indoor air quality is poor, consider wearing a respirator mask rated for particulate matter, such as an N95 or N99 mask. These masks are designed to filter out fine particles and provide a barrier between your respiratory system and harmful pollutants. Follow proper fitting and usage instructions for the mask.
- Stay informed: Keep track of local air quality reports and updates provided by local authorities or environmental agencies. They can provide guidance on the severity of the situation and any specific precautions you should take.
- Seek medical help if needed: If you experience significant respiratory distress, severe coughing, or any other concerning symptoms, seek medical assistance promptly.
Remember that the effectiveness of these measures may vary depending on the severity and duration of the smog. It is important to follow official guidance from local authorities and emergency management agencies, as they will provide the most accurate and up-to-date information on how to protect yourself during such events.
